UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_______________________________________________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
| (Mark One) | |||||
| QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
| For the quarterly period ended | |||||
| OR | |||||
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
| For the transition period from to | |||||
Commission File No. 001-38122
_______________________________________________________________________________
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) | ||||||||||
| , | |||||||||||
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip code) | ||||||||||
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (212 ) 930-9400
_______________________________________________________________________________
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (i) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding twelve months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (ii) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | Non-accelerated filer | Smaller reporting company | Emerging growth company | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ☐ | ☒ | ☐ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ý
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☒
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||||||||
As of October 20, 2020, there were 51,170,286 shares, $0.01 par value per share, of Safehold Inc. common stock outstanding.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Page | ||||||||
PART I. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
Safehold Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands)
(unaudited)
| As of | |||||||||||
| September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||
| Real estate | |||||||||||
| Real estate, at cost | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Real estate, net | |||||||||||
| Real estate-related intangible assets, net | |||||||||||
| Total real estate, net and real estate-related intangible assets, net | |||||||||||
| Net investment in sales-type leases | |||||||||||
| Ground Lease receivables | |||||||||||
| Equity investments in Ground Leases | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | |||||||||||
| Restricted cash | |||||||||||
| Deferred operating lease income receivable | |||||||||||
| Deferred expenses and other assets, net | |||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | |||||||||||
| Liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Real estate-related intangible liabilities, net | |||||||||||
| Debt obligations, net | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities | |||||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (refer to Note 9) | |||||||||||
| Equity: | |||||||||||
| Safehold Inc. shareholders' equity: | |||||||||||
Common stock, $ | |||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | |||||||||||
| Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) | ( | ||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total Safehold Inc. shareholders' equity | |||||||||||
| Noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||
| Total equity | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | $ | |||||||||
_______________________________________________________________________________
Note - Refer to Note 2 for details on the Company's consolidated variable interest entities ("VIEs").
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
1
Safehold Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income from sales-type leases | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Costs and expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total costs and expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations before other items | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings (losses) from equity method investments | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(1) | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Safehold Inc. common shareholders | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Per common share data: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average number of common shares: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, includes $5.8 million of income attributable to the Company's Manager relating to Investor Units it held in the Operating Partnership (refer to Note 11).
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
2
Safehold Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(In thousands)
(unaudited)
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reclassification of (gains) losses on derivatives into earnings | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive gain (loss) | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Safehold Inc. | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
3
Safehold Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
(In thousands)
(unaudited)
| Common Stock at Par | Additional Paid-In Capital | Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Noncontrolling Interests | Total Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of June 30, 2020 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock, net / amortization | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared ($ | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of September 30, 2020 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of June 30, 2019 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock, net / amortization | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared ($ | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of September 30, 2019 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4
Safehold Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
(In thousands)
(unaudited)
| Common Stock at Par | Additional Paid-In Capital | Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Noncontrolling Interests | Total Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2019 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock, net / amortization | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared ($ | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of September 30, 2020 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2018 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock, net / amortization | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investor unit conversion (refer to Note 11) | — | ( | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared ($ | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | — | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contributions from noncontrolling interests net of costs | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of September 30, 2019 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
5
Safehold Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
(unaudited)
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | |||||||||||
| Deferred operating lease income | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Non-cash interest income from sales-type leases | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Non-cash interest expense | |||||||||||
| Amortization of real estate-related intangibles, net | |||||||||||
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | |||||||||||
| (Earnings) losses from equity method investments | ( | ||||||||||
| Distributions from operations of equity method investments | |||||||||||
| Amortization of premium, discount and deferred financing costs on debt obligations, net | |||||||||||
| Non-cash management fees | |||||||||||
| Other operating activities | |||||||||||
| Changes in assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Changes in deferred expenses and other assets, net | ( | ||||||||||
| Changes in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities | ( | ||||||||||
| Cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities | ( | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||
| Acquisitions of real estate | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Origination/acquisition of net investment in sales-type leases and Ground Lease receivables | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Fundings on Ground Lease receivables | ( | ||||||||||
| Deposits on Ground Lease investments | ( | ||||||||||
| Contributions to equity method investments | ( | ||||||||||
| Other investing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Cash flows used in investing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of common stock | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from debt obligations | |||||||||||
| Repayments of debt obligations | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Payments for debt prepayment or extinguishment costs | ( | ||||||||||
| Payments for deferred financing costs | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Dividends paid to common shareholders | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Payment of offering costs | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Contributions from noncontrolling interests (refer to Note 11) | |||||||||||
| Other financing activities | ( | ||||||||||
| Cash flows provided by financing activities | |||||||||||
| Changes in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | |||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period | |||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activity: | |||||||||||
| Origination of sales-type leases | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Acquisition of real estate | |||||||||||
| Assumption of other liabilities/debt obligations | |||||||||||
| Investor unit conversion (refer to Note 11) | |||||||||||
| Dividends declared to common shareholders | |||||||||||
| Accrued finance costs | |||||||||||
| Accrued offering costs | |||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
6
Table of Contents
Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
Note 1—Business and Organization
Business—Safehold Inc. (the "Company") operates its business through one reportable segment by acquiring, managing and capitalizing ground leases. Ground leases are long-term contracts between the landlord (the Company) and a tenant or leaseholder. The Company believes that it is the first publicly-traded company formed primarily to acquire, own, manage, finance and capitalize ground leases. Ground leases generally represent ownership of the land underlying commercial real estate projects that is net leased by the fee owner of the land to the owners/operators of the real estate projects built thereon ("Ground Leases"). Under a Ground Lease, the tenant is generally responsible for all property operating expenses, such as maintenance, real estate taxes and insurance and is also responsible for development costs and capital expenditures. Ground Leases are typically long-term (base terms ranging from 30 to 99 years, often with tenant renewal options) and have contractual base rent increases (either at a specified percentage or consumer price index ("CPI") based, or both) and sometimes include percentage rent participations.
The Company intends to target investments in long-term Ground Leases in which: (i) the cost of its Ground Lease represents 30 % to 45 % of the combined value of the land and buildings and improvements thereon as if there was no Ground Lease on the land ("Combined Property Value"); (ii) the ratio of property net operating income to the Ground Lease payment due the Company ("Ground Rent Coverage") is between 2.0 x to 4.5 x, and for this purpose the Company uses estimates of the stabilized property net operating income if it doesn't receive current tenant information and for properties under construction or in transition, in each case based on leasing activity at the property and available market information, including leasing activity at comparable properties in the relevant market; and (iii) the Ground Lease contains contractual rent escalation clauses or percentage rent that participates in gross revenues generated by the commercial real estate on the land. A Ground Lease lessor (the Company) typically has the right to regain possession of its land and take ownership of the buildings and improvements thereon upon tenant default and the termination of the Ground Lease on account of such default. The Company believes that the Ground Lease structure provides an opportunity for potential value accretion through the reversion to the Company, as the Ground Lease owner, of the buildings and improvements on the land at the expiration or earlier termination of the lease, for no additional consideration from the Company.
The Company is managed by SFTY Manager, LLC (the "Manager"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of iStar Inc. ("iStar"), the Company's largest shareholder, pursuant to a management agreement (refer to Note 13). The Company has no employees, as the Manager provides all services to it. The Company draws on the extensive investment origination and sourcing platform of its Manager to actively promote the benefits of the Ground Lease structure to prospective Ground Lease tenants.
Organization—The Company is a Maryland corporation and completed its initial public offering in June 2017. The Company's common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "SAFE." The Company elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") for U.S. federal income tax purposes, commencing with the tax year ended December 31, 2017. The Company is structured as an Umbrella Partnership REIT ("UPREIT"). As such, all of the Company's properties are owned through a subsidiary partnership, Safehold Operating Partnership LP (the "Operating Partnership"). As of September 30, 2020, the Company owned 100 % of the limited partner interests and a subsidiary of the Company owned 100 % of the general partner interests, in the Operating Partnership. The UPREIT structure may afford the Company certain benefits as it seeks to acquire properties from third parties who may want to defer taxes by contributing their Ground Leases to the Company.
Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
7
Table of Contents
Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
Consolidated VIEs—The Company consolidates VIEs for which it is considered the primary beneficiary. As of September 30, 2020, the total assets of these consolidated VIEs were $61.9 million and total liabilities were $29.7 million. The classifications of these assets are primarily within "Real estate, net," "Real estate-related intangible assets, net" and "Deferred operating lease income receivable" on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. The classifications of liabilities are primarily within "Debt obligations, net" and "Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities" on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. The liabilities of these VIEs are non-recourse to the Company and can only be satisfied from each VIE's respective assets. The Company has provided no financial support to VIEs that it was not previously contractually required to provide and did not have any unfunded commitments related to consolidated VIEs as of September 30, 2020.
Note 3—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Other—The Company is an "emerging growth company" as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the "JOBS Act") and is eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other publicly-traded companies that are not "emerging growth companies," including not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The Company has elected to utilize the exemption for auditor attestation requirements.
In addition, the JOBS Act provides that an "emerging growth company" can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. However, the Company has chosen to "opt out" of this extended transition period, and as a result, it will comply with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for all public companies that are not emerging growth companies. The Company's decision to opt out of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards is irrevocable.
The Company will remain an "emerging growth company" until the earliest to occur of: (i) the last day of the fiscal year during which our total annual revenue equals or exceeds $1.07 billion (subject to adjustment for inflation); (ii) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the Company's initial public offering; (iii) the date on which the Company has, during the previous three-year period, issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt; or (iv) the date on which the Company is deemed to be a "large accelerated filer" under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Company will cease to qualify as an emerging growth company effective as of December 31, 2020, at which time the exemptions described above will terminate.
For the remainder of the Company's significant accounting policies, refer to the Company's 2019 Annual Report.
8
Table of Contents
Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
New Accounting Pronouncements—In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("ASU 2016-13") which was issued to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments held by a reporting entity. This amendment replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. For public entities such as the Company that qualify as smaller reporting companies, ASU 2016-13 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022. Early adoption is permitted. Management is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-13 on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments ("ASU 2019-04") to clarify certain accounting topics from previously issued ASUs, including ASU 2016-13. ASU 2019-04 addresses certain aspects of ASU 2016-13, including but not limited to, accrued interest receivable, loan recoveries, interest rate projections for variable-rate financial instruments and expected prepayments. ASU 2019-04 provides alternatives that allow entities to measure credit losses on accrued interest separate from credit losses on the principal portion of a loan, clarifies that entities should include expected recoveries in the measurement of credit losses, allows entities to consider future interest rates when measuring credit losses and can elect to adjust effective interest rates used to discount expected cash flows for expected loan prepayments. ASU 2019-04 is effective upon the adoption of ASU 2016-13. Management is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2019-04 on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
9
Table of Contents
Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
Note 4—Real Estate and Real Estate-Related Intangibles
The Company's real estate assets consist of the following ($ in thousands):
| As of | |||||||||||
| September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||||||||
| Land and land improvements, at cost | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Buildings and improvements, at cost | |||||||||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total real estate, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Real estate-related intangible assets, net | |||||||||||
| Total real estate, net and real estate-related intangible assets, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
Real estate-related intangible assets, net consist of the following items ($ in thousands):
| As of September 30, 2020 | |||||||||||||||||
| Gross Intangible | Accumulated Amortization | Carrying Value | |||||||||||||||
Above-market lease assets, net(1) | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||
In-place lease assets, net(2) | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Other intangible assets, net | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||
| As of December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||
| Gross Intangible | Accumulated Amortization | Carrying Value | |||||||||||||||
Above-market lease assets, net(1) | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||
In-place lease assets, net(2) | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Other intangible assets, net | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)Above-market lease assets are recognized during business combinations and asset acquisitions when the present value of market rate rental cash flows over the term of a lease is less than the present value of the contractual in-place rental cash flows. Above-market lease assets are amortized over the non-cancelable term of the leases.
(2)In-place lease assets are recognized during business combinations and asset acquisitions and are estimated based on the value associated with the costs avoided in originating leases comparable to the acquired in-place leases as well as the value associated with lost rental revenue during the assumed lease-up period. In-place lease assets are amortized over the non-cancelable term of the leases.
10
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Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
The amortization of real estate-related intangible assets had the following impact on the Company's consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 ($ in thousands):
| Income Statement | For the Three Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible asset | Location | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||
| Above-market lease assets (decrease to income) | Operating lease income | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| In-place lease assets (decrease to income) | Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other intangible assets (decrease to income) | Operating lease income | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income Statement | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible asset | Location | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||
| Above-market lease assets (decrease to income) | Operating lease income | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| In-place lease assets (decrease to income) | Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other intangible assets (decrease to income) | Operating lease income | |||||||||||||||||||
The estimated expense from the amortization of real estate-related intangible assets for each of the five succeeding fiscal years is as follows ($ in thousands):(1)
| Year | Amount | |||||||
| 2020 (remaining three months) | $ | |||||||
| 2021 | ||||||||
| 2022 | ||||||||
| 2023 | ||||||||
| 2024 | ||||||||
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)As of September 30, 2020, the weighted average amortization period for the Company's real estate-related intangible assets was approximately 80.2 years.
11
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Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
Real estate-related intangible liabilities, net consist of the following items ($ in thousands):(1)
| As of September 30, 2020 | |||||||||||||||||
| Gross Intangible | Accumulated Amortization | Carrying Value | |||||||||||||||
Below-market lease liabilities(1) | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||
| As of December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||
| Gross Intangible | Accumulated Amortization | Carrying Value | |||||||||||||||
Below-market lease liabilities(1) | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||
_______________________________________________________________________________
| Income Statement | For the Three Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible liability | Location | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||
| Below-market lease liabilities (increase to income) | Operating lease income | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Income Statement | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible liability | Location | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||
| Below-market lease liabilities (increase to income) | Operating lease income | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
Future Minimum Operating Lease Payments—Future minimum lease payments to be collected under non-cancelable operating leases, excluding lease payments that are not fixed and determinable, in effect as of September 30, 2020, are as follows by year ($ in thousands):
| Year | Inflation- Linked | Fixed Bumps with Inflation Adjustments | Fixed Bumps | Percentage Rent | Fixed Bumps with Percentage Rent | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 (remaining three months) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note 5—Net Investment in Sales-type Leases and Ground Lease Receivables
12
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Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
The Company's net investment in sales-type leases were comprised of the following ($ in thousands):
| September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||
| Total undiscounted cash flows | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Unguaranteed estimated residual value | ||||||||||||||
| Present value discount | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
| Net investment in sales-type leases | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
The following table presents a rollforward of the Company's net investment in sales-type leases and Ground Lease receivables for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 ($ in thousands):
| Net Investment in Sales-type Leases | Ground Lease Receivables | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Beginning balance | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
Origination/acquisition/fundings(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion (amortization) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ending balance(2) | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Beginning balance | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
Origination/acquisition/fundings(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion (amortization) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Ending balance | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)The net investment in sales-type leases is initially measured at the present value of the fixed and determinable lease payments, including any guaranteed or unguaranteed estimated residual value of the asset at the end of the lease, discounted at the rate implicit in the lease. For newly originated or acquired Ground Leases, the Company's estimate of residual value equals the fair value of the land at lease commencement.
(2)As of September 30, 2020, the Company's weighted average accrual rate for its net investment in sales-type leases and Ground Lease receivables was 5.6 % and 5.5 %, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, the weighted average remaining life of the Company's 10 Ground Lease receivables was 101.2 years.
13
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Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
Future Minimum Lease Payments under Sales-type Leases—Future minimum lease payments to be collected under sales-type leases accounted for under ASC 842, excluding lease payments that are not fixed and determinable, in effect as of September 30, 2020, are as follows by year ($ in thousands):
| Fixed Bumps with Inflation Adjustments | Fixed Bumps | Fixed Bumps with Percentage Rent | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 (remaining three months) | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thereafter | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total undiscounted cash flows | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized interest income from sales-type leases in its consolidated statements of operations as follows ($ in thousands):
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 | Net Investment in Sales-type Leases | Ground Lease Receivables | Total | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest income from sales-type leases | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 | Net Investment in Sales-type Leases | Ground Lease Receivables | Total | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest income from sales-type leases | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 | Net Investment in Sales-type Leases | Ground Lease Receivables | Total | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest income from sales-type leases | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 | Net Investment in Sales-type Leases | Ground Lease Receivables | Total | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest income from sales-type leases | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
14
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Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
Note 6—Equity Investments in Ground Leases
15
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Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
Note 7—Deferred Expenses and Other Assets, Net and Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities
Deferred expenses and other assets, net, consist of the following items ($ in thousands):
| As of | |||||||||||
| September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||||||||
Operating lease right-of-use asset(1) | $ | $ | |||||||||
Other assets(2) | |||||||||||
Deferred finance costs, net(3) | |||||||||||
| Leasing costs, net | |||||||||||
| Purchase deposits | |||||||||||
| Interest rate hedge assets | |||||||||||
| Deferred expenses and other assets, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)Operating lease right-of-use asset relates to a property that is majority-owned by a third party and is ground leased to the Company. The Company is obligated to pay the owner of the property $0.4 million, subject to adjustment for changes in the CPI, per year through 2044; however, the Company's ground lease tenant at the property pays this expense directly under the terms of a master lease. Operating lease right-of-use asset is amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease and is recorded in "Real estate expense" in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recognized $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively, in "Real estate expense" and $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively, in "Other income" from its operating lease right-of-use asset. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recognized $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively, in "Real estate expense" and $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively, in "Other income" from its operating lease right-of-use asset. The related operating lease liability (see table below) equals the present value of the minimum rental payments due under the lease discounted at the Company's incremental secured borrowing rate for a similar asset estimated to be 5.5 %.
(2)During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recognized $8.0 thousand and $3.8 million, respectively, of percentage rent in "Operating lease income" in the Company's consolidated statement of operations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recognized $0.2 million and $4.1 million, respectively, of percentage rent in "Operating lease income" in the Company's consolidated statement of operations.
(3)Accumulated amortization of deferred finance costs was $1.6 million and $0.3 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities consist of the following items ($ in thousands):
| As of | |||||||||||
| September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||||||||
| Interest rate hedge liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Interest payable | |||||||||||
| Dividends declared and payable | |||||||||||
| Operating lease liability | |||||||||||
Other liabilities(1) | |||||||||||
| Management fee payable | |||||||||||
Accrued expenses(2) | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, other liabilities includes $1.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively, due to the Manager for allocated payroll costs and costs it paid on the Company's behalf.
(2)As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, accrued expenses primarily includes accrued legal and audit expenses and accrued property expenses.
16
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Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
Note 8—Debt Obligations, net
The Company's outstanding debt obligations consist of the following ($ in thousands):
| As of | Interest Rate(1) | Scheduled Maturity Date(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secured credit financing: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgages | $ | $ | April 2027 to November 2069 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Revolver | One-Month LIBOR plus | November 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total secured credit financing | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total debt obligations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt premium, discount and deferred financing costs, net | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total debt obligations, net | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)Represents the weighted average interest rate of consolidated mortgage debt in effect over the life of the mortgage debt and excludes the effect of debt premium, discount and deferred financing costs. As of September 30, 2020, the weighted average cash interest rate for the Company's consolidated mortgage debt, based on interest rates in effect at that date, was 3.18 %. The difference between the weighted average interest rate and the weighted average cash interest rate is recorded to interest payable within "Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities" on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. As of September 30, 2020, the Company's combined weighted average interest rate and combined weighted average cash interest rate of the Company's consolidated mortgage debt and the mortgage debt of the Company's unconsolidated venture (applying the Company's percentage interest in the venture - refer to Note 6) were 3.96 % and 3.08 %, respectively.
(2)Represents the extended maturity date for all debt obligations.
Mortgages—Mortgages consist of asset specific non-recourse borrowings that are secured by the Company's Ground Leases. As of September 30, 2020, the Company's mortgages are full term interest only, bear interest at a weighted average interest rate of 3.99 % and have maturities between April 2027 and November 2069.
Revolver—In June 2017, the Company entered into a recourse senior secured revolving credit facility with an initial maximum aggregate principal amount of up to $300.0 million (the "Revolver") that has since been increased to $525.0 million. The Revolver provides an accordion feature to increase, subject to certain conditions, the maximum availability up to $1.0 billion. The Revolver has an initial maturity of November 2022 with two 12 -month extension options exercisable by the Company, subject to certain conditions, and bears interest at an annual rate of applicable LIBOR plus 1.30 %. An undrawn credit facility commitment fee ranges from 0.15 % to 0.25 %, based on utilization each quarter. The Revolver allows the Company to leverage Ground Leases up to a maximum of 67.0 %. As of September 30, 2020, there was $525.0 million of undrawn capacity on the Revolver and the Company had the ability to draw an additional $201.3 million without pledging any additional assets to the facility.
Debt Covenants—The Company is subject to financial covenants under the Revolver, including maintaining: (i) a limitation on total consolidated leverage of not more than 70 %, or 75 % for no more than 180 days, of the Company's total consolidated assets; (ii) a consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio of at least 1.40 x; (iii) a consolidated tangible net worth of $632.8 million plus 75 % of future issuances of net equity after September 30, 2019; (iv) a consolidated secured leverage ratio of not more than 70 %, or 75 % for no more than 180 days, of the Company's total consolidated assets; and (v) a secured recourse debt ratio of not more than 5.0 % of the Company's total consolidated assets (exclusive of amounts drawn on this facility). Additionally, the Revolver previously restricted the Company's ability to pay distributions to its shareholders. Prior to November 2019, the Company was permitted to make annual distributions up to an amount equal to 110 % of the Company's adjusted funds from operations, as calculated in accordance with the Revolver. In November 2019, the Revolver was amended to eliminate the restrictions on the Company's ability to pay distributions to its shareholders so long as there is no event of default. In addition, the Company may make distributions without restriction as to amount so long as after giving effect to the dividend the Company remains in compliance with the financial covenants and no event of default has occurred and is continuing. The Company's mortgages contain no significant maintenance or ongoing financial covenants. As of September 30, 2020, the Company was in compliance with all of its financial covenants.
17
Table of Contents
Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
Future Scheduled Maturities—As of September 30, 2020, future scheduled maturities of outstanding debt obligations, assuming all extensions that can be exercised at the Company's option, are as follows ($ in thousands):
| 2020 (remaining three months) | $ | |||||||
| 2021 | ||||||||
| 2022 | ||||||||
| 2023 | ||||||||
| 2024 | ||||||||
Thereafter(1) | ||||||||
| Total principal maturities | ||||||||
| Debt premium, discount and deferred financing costs, net | ( | |||||||
| Total debt obligations, net | $ | |||||||
______________________________________________________________________________
(1)As of September 30, 2020, the Company's weighted average maturity for its mortgages was 30.8 years.
Note 9—Commitments and Contingencies
Unfunded Commitments—In January 2019, the Company acquired land for $13.0 million and simultaneously structured and entered into a Ground Lease as part of the Ground Lease tenant's acquisition of an existing office building located in Washington, DC that is to be converted into a multi-family building. The Company also committed to provide the Ground Lease tenant a $10.5 million leasehold improvement allowance. As of September 30, 2020, $4.0 million of this commitment had been funded and the Company expects to fund the remaining commitment upon the completion of certain conditions.
In February 2020, the Company entered into an aggregate $37.0 million commitment to acquire land for $10.0 million and provide a $27.0 million leasehold improvement allowance for the Ground Lease tenant's construction of a multi-family property in New Haven, Connecticut. As of September 30, 2020, $10.0 million of this commitment had been funded and the Company expects to fund the remaining commitment upon the completion of certain conditions.
Legal Proceedings—The Company evaluates developments in legal proceedings that could require a liability to be accrued and/or disclosed. Based on its current knowledge, and after consultation with legal counsel, the Company believes it is not a party to, nor are any of its properties the subject of, any pending legal proceeding that would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Note 10—Risk Management and Derivatives
In the normal course of its ongoing business operations, the Company encounters credit risk. Credit risk is the risk of default on the Company’s leases that result from a tenant’s inability or unwillingness to make contractually required payments.
Risk concentrations—Concentrations of credit risks arise when the Company has multiple leases with a particular tenant or credit party, or a number of the Company’s tenants are engaged in similar business activities, or activities in the same geographic region, or have similar economic features, such that their ability to meet contractual obligations, including those to the Company, could be similarly affected by changes in economic conditions.
Although the Company’s Ground Leases are geographically diverse and the tenants operate in a variety of industries and property types, to the extent the Company has a significant concentration of operating lease income from any tenant, the inability of that tenant to make its payment could have a material adverse effect on the Company. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company’s largest tenant by revenues accounted for approximately 10.5 % of the Company’s revenues.
Derivative instruments and hedging activity—The Company's use of derivative financial instruments is associated with debt issuances and primarily limited to the utilization of interest rate swaps, interest rate caps or other instruments to manage interest rate risk exposure. The Company does not enter into derivatives for trading purposes.
18
Table of Contents
Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
The Company recognizes derivatives as either assets or liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheets at fair value. Interest rate hedge assets are recorded in "Deferred expenses and other assets, net" and interest rate hedge liabilities are recorded in "Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities" on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. If certain conditions are met, a derivative may be specifically designated as a hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability, a hedge of a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability.
For the Company's derivatives designated and qualifying as cash flow hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivatives are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently reclassified into interest expense in the same periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the Company’s debt. The Company is hedging its exposure to the variability in future cash flows for forecasted transactions that the Company expects to occur over the next 18 months (excluding forecasted transactions related to the payment of variable interest on existing financial instruments).
For the Company's derivatives not designated as hedges, the changes in the fair value of the derivatives are reported in "Interest expense" in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative and are used to manage the Company’s exposure to interest rate movements and other identified risks but do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements.
| September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative Type | Fair Value(2) | Balance Sheet Location | ||||||||||||||||||
| Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | $ | $ | Deferred expenses and other assets, net | |||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | $ | $ | Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities | |||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
____________________________________________________________________________
(1)During the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded $1.0 million and $(9.1 ) million, respectively, of unrealized gains (losses) in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). During the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded $23.4 million and $32.4 million, respectively, of unrealized losses in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
(2)The fair value of the Company's derivatives are based upon widely accepted valuation techniques utilized by a third-party specialist using observable inputs such as interest rates and contractual cash flow and are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. Over the next 12 months, the Company expects that $2.5 million related to cash flow hedges will be reclassified from "Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)" as an increase to interest expense.
Credit Risk-Related Contingent Features—The Company reports derivative instruments on a gross basis in its consolidated financial statements. The Company has agreements with each of its derivative counterparties that contain a provision whereby if the Company either defaults or is capable of being declared in default on any of its indebtedness, then the Company could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. In connection with its interest rate derivatives which were in a liability position as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company posted collateral of $38.6 million and $20.1 million, respectively, which is included in "Restricted cash" on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company would not have been required to post any additional collateral to settle these contracts had the Company been declared in default on its derivative obligations.
19
Table of Contents
Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
| Derivatives Designated in Hedging Relationships | Location of Gain (Loss) When Recognized in Income | Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into Earnings | |||||||||||||||||
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | Interest expense | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | Interest expense | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | Interest expense | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | Interest expense | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||
Note 11—Equity
Common Stock—On April 14, 2017, two institutional investors acquired 2,875,000 shares of the Company's common stock for $57.5 million and iStar acquired 2,775,000 shares of the Company's common stock for $55.5 million.
On June 27, 2017, the Company sold 10,250,000 shares of its common stock in its initial public offering for proceeds of $205.0 million. Concurrently with the initial public offering, the Company sold $45.0 million in shares, or 2,250,000 shares, of its common stock to iStar in a private placement.
On January 2, 2019, the Company received $250.0 million of proceeds from iStar for its purchase of 12,500,000 newly designated limited partnership units ("Investor Units") in the Operating Partnership at a purchase price of $20.00 per unit. In May 2019, after approval of the Company's shareholders, the Investor Units were exchanged for shares of the Company's common stock on a one-for-one basis. Following the exchange, the Investor Units were retired. Each Investor Unit received distributions equivalent to distributions declared and paid on one share of the Company's common stock. The Investor Units had no voting rights. They had limited protective consent rights over certain matters such as amendments to the terms of the Investor Units that would adversely affect the Investor Units.
On August 12, 2019, the Company sold 3,450,000 shares of its common stock in a public offering for gross proceeds of $96.6 million. Concurrently with the public offering, the Company sold $168.0 million in shares, or 6,000,000 shares, of its common stock to iStar in a private placement. The Company incurred approximately $4.4 million of offering costs in connection with these transactions which were recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital.
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Table of Contents
Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
On November 22, 2019, the Company sold 3,450,000 shares of its common stock in a public offering for gross proceeds of $117.3 million. Concurrently with the public offering, the Company sold $130.0 million in shares, or 3,823,529 shares, of its common stock to iStar in a private placement. The Company incurred approximately $5.0 million of offering costs in connection with these transactions which were recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital.
On March 20, 2020, the Company sold 1,495,000 shares of its common stock in a public offering for gross proceeds of $70.1 million. Concurrently with the public offering, the Company sold $80.0 million in shares, or 1,706,485 shares, of its common stock to iStar in a private placement. The Company incurred approximately $1.6 million of offering costs in connection with these transactions which were recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital.
From the completion of the Company's initial public offering through September 30, 2020, iStar purchased 4.0 million shares of the Company's common stock for $104.7 million, at an average cost of $26.08 per share, pursuant to 10b5-1 plans (the “10b5-1 Plans") in accordance with Rules 10b5-1 and 10b-18 under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, under which it could buy shares of the Company's common stock in the open market. As of September 30, 2020, iStar owned 65.8 % of the Company's common stock; however, its discretionary voting power is limited to 41.9 % as a result of limitations on its voting power contained in a stockholder's agreement entered into in connection with its purchase of the Investor Units.
Equity Plans—During the third quarter 2018, the Company adopted an equity incentive plan providing for grants of interests (called "CARET Units") in a subsidiary of the Operating Partnership intended to constitute profits interests within the meaning of relevant Internal Revenue Service guidance. The Company's shareholders approved the plan in the second quarter of 2019. Grants under the plan are subject to graduated vesting based on time and hurdles of the Company's common stock price. Once a particular stock price hurdle is met, a portion of the awards become vested, but remain subject to being forfeited, in part, if additional time-based service conditions are not satisfied. The awards generally entitle plan participants to cash distributions of up to 15 %, in the aggregate, of the capital appreciation above the Company's investment basis on its Ground Lease assets received upon the sale of a Ground Lease, the sale of a combined property and certain non-recourse mortgage debt refinancings of a Ground Lease. The Company owns the remaining 85% of the CARET Units. At the time of plan adoption, awards with an aggregate fair value of $1.4 million were granted to the Company's independent directors and employees of the Manager and will be recognized over a period of four years . As of September 30, 2020, all stock price hurdles were achieved and 38 % of each outstanding award is now fully vested while the remaining 62 % of each award will become vested upon satisfaction of continuing service conditions. In February 2020 and March 2020, the Company granted awards with an aggregate grant date fair value of $0.5 million and $0.1 million, respectively, to employees of the Manager. The awards granted in February 2020 will cliff vest in December 2022 and the awards granted in March 2020 will vest over three years upon satisfaction of continuing service conditions. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized $0.4 million and $0.3 million, respectively, in expense from CARET Units and it is recorded in "General and administrative" in the Company's consolidated statements of operations and "Noncontrolling interests" on the Company's consolidated balance sheet.
The Company adopted an equity incentive plan to provide equity incentive opportunities to members of the Manager's management team and employees who perform services for the Company, the Company's independent directors, advisers, consultants and other personnel (the "2017 Equity Incentive Plan"). The 2017 Equity Incentive Plan provides for grants of stock options, shares of restricted common stock, phantom shares, dividend equivalent rights and other equity-based awards, including long-term incentive plan units. In the second quarter 2020, the Company issued 22,000 fully-vested shares with a fair value of $1.0 million, or $46.94 per share, to its directors who are not employees of the Manager or iStar in consideration for their annual services as directors. In the first quarter 2019, the Company granted 25,000 restricted stock units with a fair value of $0.5 million, or $19.15 per share, under the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan to an employee of the Manager, representing the right to receive 25,000 shares of the Company's common stock on January 5, 2022, if the employee is employed by the Manager on that date. Grants under the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan are recognized as compensation costs ratably over the applicable vesting period and recorded in "General and administrative" in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. Dividends will accrue as and when dividends are declared by the Company on shares of its common stock, but will not be paid unless and until the restricted stock units vest and are settled. As of September 30, 2020, there was $0.2 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to the unvested restricted stock units. As of September 30, 2020, an aggregate of 740,500 shares remain available for issuance pursuant to future awards under the Company's 2017 Equity Incentive Plan.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)—Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consists of net unrealized gains (losses) on the Company's derivative transactions.
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Table of Contents
Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
Note 12—Earnings Per Share
Earnings per share ("EPS") is calculated by dividing net income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period. The following tables present a reconciliation of net income used in the basic and diluted EPS calculations ($ in thousands, except for per share data):
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Safehold Inc. common shareholders for basic and diluted earnings per common share | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
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Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings attributable to common shares: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Safehold Inc. common shareholders - basic | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Safehold Inc. common shareholders - diluted | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Denominator for basic and diluted earnings per share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding for basic earnings per common share | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Add: Effect of assumed shares under treasury stock method for restricted stock units | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding for diluted earnings per common share(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted earnings per common share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Safehold Inc. common shareholders - basic | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Safehold Inc. common shareholders - diluted | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
____________________________________________________________________________
(1)During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, 5,860,806 of Investor Units (refer to Note 11) were anti-dilutive.
Note 13—Related Party Transactions
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Table of Contents
Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
Management Agreement
| Manager | SFTY Manager, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of iStar Inc. | ||||
| Management Fee | Annual fee of Annual fee of Annual fee of Annual fee of | ||||
| Management Fee Consideration | At the discretion of the Company's independent directors, payment will be made in cash or in shares of the Company's common stock (valued at the greater of: (i) the volume weighted average market price during a specified pricing period; or (ii) the initial public offering price of $ | ||||
| Lock-up | Restriction from selling common stock received for management fees for years from the date of such issuance (restriction will terminate in the event of and effective with the termination of the management agreement) | ||||
| Incentive Fee | None | ||||
| Term | Non-terminable through June 30, 2023, except for cause. Automatic annual renewals thereafter, subject to non-renewal upon certain findings by the Company's independent directors and payment of termination fee. | ||||
| Termination Fee | 3x prior year's management fee | ||||
During the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded $3.2 million and $1.9 million, respectively, in management fees to the Manager. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded $9.3 million and $5.0 million, respectively, in management fees to the Manager. These management fees are recorded in "General and administrative" in the Company's consolidated statements of operations.
Expense Reimbursements
The Company pays, or reimburses the Manager for, certain of the Company's operating expenses as well as the costs of personnel performing certain legal, accounting, finance, due diligence tasks and other services, in each case except those specifically required to be borne or elected not to be charged by the Manager under the management agreement.
During the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company was allocated $1.3 million and $0.5 million, respectively, in expenses from the Manager. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company was allocated $3.8 million and $1.6 million, respectively, in expenses from the Manager. These expenses are recorded in "General and administrative" in the Company's consolidated statements of operations.
Acquisitions
iStar has participated in certain of the Company's investment transactions, as the Company's tenant or either as a seller of land or by providing financing to the Company's Ground Lease tenants. Following is a list of transactions in which the Company and iStar have participated for the periods presented. These transactions were approved by the Company’s independent directors in accordance with the Company's policy with respect to transactions in which iStar is also a participant.
In October 2017, the Company entered into a purchase agreement with iStar to acquire land subject to a Ground Lease on which a luxury multi-family project is currently being constructed in San Jose, California for a purchase price of $34.0 million. iStar committed to provide a $80.5 million construction loan to the ground lessee. In September 2020, the Company closed on the acquisition of the Ground Lease.
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Table of Contents
Safehold Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(unaudited)
In June 2020, the Company acquired the fee interest in an office condominium in Honolulu, HI and simultaneously structured and entered into a Ground Lease with the condominium's tenant. The tenant simultaneously acquired the leasehold interest in the office condominium. The Ground Lease has a term of 99 years. The tenant is a venture in which iStar owns a 51.9 % equity interest.
In August 2019, the Company and iStar closed on the acquisition of a 310,000 square foot Class-A office building located in Austin, TX. iStar acquired the leasehold interest and the Company simultaneously acquired the fee interest and entered into a new 99 -year Ground Lease with iStar.
In February 2019, the Company and iStar closed on the acquisition of a 420,000 square foot office building located in Jersey City, NJ. iStar acquired the leasehold interest and the Company simultaneously acquired the fee interest and entered into a new 98 -year Ground Lease with iStar.
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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Certain statements in this report, other than purely historical information, including estimates, projections, statements relating to our business plans, objectives and expected operating results, and the assumptions upon which those statements are based, are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). Forward-looking statements are included with respect to, among other things, Safehold Inc.'s (the "Company's") current business plan, business strategy, portfolio management, prospects and liquidity. These forward-looking statements generally are identified by the words "believe," "project," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "intend," "strategy," "plan," "may," "should," "will," "would," "will be," "will continue," "will likely result," and similar expressions. Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties which may cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. In assessing all forward-looking statements, readers are urged to read carefully all cautionary statements contained in this Form 10-Q and the uncertainties and risks described in the Risk Factors section in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and in this Form 10-Q, all of which could affect our future results of operations, financial condition and liquidity. For purposes of Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, the terms "we," "our" and "us" refer to Safehold Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise.
The discussion below should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report on Form 10-K. These historical financial statements may not be indicative of our future performance. We have reclassified certain items in our consolidated financial statements of prior periods to conform to our current financial statements presentation.
Executive Overview
The coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak has continued to impact the US and global economies. The US financial markets have experienced disruption, with heightened stock market volatility and constrained credit conditions within certain sectors, including real estate. We and our Manager are focused on ensuring the health and safety of our personnel and the continuity of business activities, monitoring the effects of the crisis on our tenants, marshalling available liquidity to take advantage of investment opportunities, implementing appropriate cost containment measures and preparing for the eventual resumption of more normalized activities. At this time, we cannot predict the extent of the impacts of the COVID-19 crisis on our business. We will continue to monitor its effects on a daily basis and will adjust our operations as necessary
Our financial results for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 were not adversely impacted by the COVID-19 crisis to a material degree. We received 100% of the Ground Lease rent due under our Ground Leases through September 30, 2020. This includes the payment of the annual percentage rent under the Park Hotels Portfolio in respect of 2019 hotel operating performance, which we received in full in April in the amount of $3.6 million. We cannot predict that we will continue to receive all rent owed to us when due in future periods. As of September 30, 2020, the percentage breakdown of the gross book value of our portfolio was 61% office, 19% hotels, 19% multi-family and 1% other. The crisis has hit the hotel sector, including the hotel properties in our portfolio, particularly hard. Excluding percentage rent, for both the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019, approximately 15.0% of our total revenues came from our hotel leases. Operations at all of the hotel properties in our portfolio have been substantially reduced for the time being. In addition to base rent, we are entitled to receive percentage rents under certain of our hotel Ground Leases, based on hotel revenues. For the year ended 2019, percentage rents constituted approximately 4.6% of our total revenues. In 2021, we expect to experience a decline in percentage rent revenues in respect of 2020 hotel operating performance. Such decline in percentage rents, as well as any disruptions in the payment of future rents by our hotel or other tenants, would adversely impact our cash flows from operations, and any such impact could be material.
In March 2020, we raised gross proceeds of $150 million through a public offering and concurrent private placement of shares of our common stock (refer to Note 11). Our liquidity position as of the date of this report included approximately $24 million of unrestricted cash, $518 million of undrawn capacity on our Revolver (refer to Note 8) and the ability to draw an additional $215 million without pledging any additional assets to the facility.
The COVID-19 crisis has adversely affected our new investment activity, primarily because of the reduced levels of real estate transactions and constrained conditions for equity and debt financing for real estate transactions, including leasehold loans. In addition, the crisis has made it more difficult to execute transactions as people work from home and are reluctant to
26
visit properties, local governmental offices have reduced operations and third parties such as survey, insurance, environmental and similar services have more limited capacities. These conditions will adversely affect our growth prospects while they persist. See the Risk Factors section of this 10-Q for additional discussion of certain potential risks to our business arising from the COVID 19 crisis.
Business Overview
We acquire, manage and capitalize Ground Leases and report our business as a single reportable segment. We believe owning a portfolio of Ground Leases affords our investors the opportunity for safe, growing income. Safety is derived from a Ground Lease's senior position in the commercial real estate capital structure. Growth is realized through long-term leases with contractual periodic increases in rent. Capital appreciation is realized though appreciation in the value of the land over time and through our typical rights as landlord to acquire the commercial buildings on our land at the end of a Ground Lease, which may yield substantial value to us. The diversification by geographic location, property type and sponsor in our portfolio further reduces risk and enhances potential upside.
We have chosen to focus on Ground Leases because we believe they meet an important need in the real estate capital markets for our customers. We also believe Ground Leases offer a unique combination of safety, income growth and the potential for capital appreciation for investors for the following reasons:
High Quality Long-Term Cash Flow: We believe that a Ground Lease represents a safe position in a property's capital structure. The combined property value subject to a Ground Lease typically significantly exceeds the Ground Lease landlord's investment in the Ground Lease; therefore, even if the landlord takes over the property following a tenant default or upon expiration of the Ground Lease, the landlord is reasonably likely to recover substantially all of its Ground Lease investment, and possibly amounts in excess of its investment, depending upon prevailing market conditions. Additionally, the typical structure of a Ground Lease provides the landlord with a residual right to regain possession of its land and take ownership of the buildings and improvements thereon upon a tenant default. The landlord's residual right provides a strong incentive for a Ground Lease tenant or its leasehold lender to make the required Ground Lease rent payments.
Income Growth: Ground Leases typically provide growing income streams through contractual base rent escalators that may compound over the duration of the lease. These rent escalators may be based on fixed increases, a Consumer Price Index ("CPI") or a combination thereof, and may also include a participation in the gross revenues of the property. We believe that this growth in the lease rate over time can mitigate the effects of inflation and capture anticipated increases in land values over time, as well as serving as a basis for growing our dividend.
Opportunity for Capital Appreciation: The opportunity for capital appreciation comes in two forms. First, as the ground rent grows over time, the value of the Ground Lease should grow under market conditions in which capitalization rates remain flat. Second, our residual right to regain possession of the land underlying the Ground Lease and take title to the buildings and other improvements thereon for no additional consideration creates additional potential value to our shareholders.
We generally target Ground Lease investments in which the initial cost of the Ground Lease represents 30% to 45% of the combined value of the land and buildings and improvements thereon (the "Combined Property Value") as if the Ground Lease did not exist. If the initial cost of a Ground Lease is equal to 35% of the Combined Property Value, the remaining 65% of the Combined Property Value represents potential excess value over the amount of our investment that would be turned over to us upon the reversion of the property, assuming no intervening change in the Combined Property Value. In our view, there is a strong correlation between inflation and commercial real estate values over time, which supports our belief that the value of our owned residual portfolio should increase over time as inflation increases, although our ability to recognize value in certain cases may be limited by the rights of our tenants under some of our Ground Leases, including tenant rights to purchase our land in certain circumstances and the right of one tenant to demolish improvements prior to the expiration of the lease. See "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of these tenant rights.
Owned Residual Portfolio: We believe that the residual right is a unique feature distinguishing Ground Leases from other fixed income investments and property types. We track the unrealized capital appreciation in the value of our owned residual portfolio over our basis ("UCA") because we believe it provides relevant information with regard to the three key investment characteristics of our Ground Leases: (1) the safety of our position in a tenant's capital structure; (2) the quality of the long-term cash flows generated by our portfolio rent that increases over time; and (3) increases and decreases in the Combined Property Value of the portfolio that reverts to us pursuant to such residual rights.
We believe that, similar to a loan to value metric, tracking changes in the value of our owned residual portfolio is useful as an indicator of the quality of our cash flows and the safety of our position in a tenant's capital structure, which, in turn, supports our objective to pay and grow dividends over time. Observing changes in our owned residual portfolio value also helps us monitor changes in the value of the real estate portfolio that reverts to us under the terms of the leases, either at the expiration
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or earlier termination of the lease. The value may be realized by us at the relevant time by entering into a new lease reflecting then current market terms and values, selling the building, selling the building with the land, or operating the building directly and leasing the spaces to tenants at prevailing market rates.
We have engaged an independent valuation firm to prepare: (a) initial reports of the Combined Property Value associated with our Ground Lease portfolio; and (b) periodic updates of such reports, which we use, in part, to determine the current estimated value of our owned residual portfolio. We calculate this estimated value by subtracting our original aggregate cost basis in the Ground Leases from the aggregate Combined Property Value determined by the valuation firm.
The table below shows the current estimated UCA in our owned residual portfolio as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 ($ in millions). The estimated UCA as of September 30, 2020 does not reflect the full potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our portfolio. See the "Risk Factors" section of this 10-Q for more information:(1)
| September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||
Combined Property Value(2) | $ | 7,944 | $ | 7,538 | ||||||||||
Ground Lease Cost(2) | 2,847 | 2,708 | ||||||||||||
| Unrealized Capital Appreciation in Our Owned Residual Portfolio | 5,097 | 4,830 | ||||||||||||
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)Please review our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 22, 2020 for a discussion of the valuation methodology used and important limitations and qualifications of the calculation of UCA. See "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and in this Form 10-Q for a discussion of certain tenant rights and other terms of the leases that may limit our ability to realize value from the UCA.
(2)Combined Property Value includes our 54.8% percentage interest in our unconsolidated venture and $185.7 million and $416.0 million related to transactions with remaining unfunded commitments as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Ground Lease Cost includes our 54.8% percentage interest in our unconsolidated venture and $33.5 million and $81.3 million of unfunded commitments as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, our gross book value as a percentage of combined property value was 39%.
Market Opportunity: We believe that there is a significant market opportunity for a dedicated provider of Ground Lease capital like us. We believe that the market for existing Ground Leases is fragmented with ownership comprised primarily of high net worth individuals, pension funds, life insurance companies, estates and endowments. However, while we intend to pursue acquisitions of existing Ground Leases, our investment thesis is predicated, in part, on what we believe is an untapped market opportunity to expand the use of Ground Leases to a broader component of the approximately $7.0 trillion institutional commercial property market in the U.S. We intend to capture this market opportunity by utilizing multiple sourcing and origination channels, including manufacturing new Ground Leases with third-party owners and developers of commercial real estate and originating Ground Leases to provide capital for development and redevelopment. We further believe that Ground Leases generally represent an attractive source of capital for our tenants and may allow them to generate superior returns on their invested equity as compared to utilizing alternative sources of capital. We draw on the extensive investment origination and sourcing platform of iStar, the parent company of our Manager, to actively promote the benefits of the Ground Lease structure to prospective Ground Lease tenants.
Our Portfolio
Our portfolio of properties is diversified by property type and region. Our portfolio is comprised of Ground Leases and a master lease (relating to five hotel assets that we refer to as our "Park Hotels Portfolio") that has many of the characteristics of a Ground Lease. As of September 30, 2020, our estimated portfolio Ground Rent Coverage was 3.7x (see the "Risk Factors" section in this Form 10-Q for a discussion of our estimated Ground Rent Coverage).
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Below is an overview of the top 10 assets in our portfolio as of September 30, 2020 (based on gross book value and excluding unfunded commitments):(1)
| Property Name | Property Type | Location | Lease Expiration / As Extended | Rent Escalation Structure | % of Gross Book Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
425 Park Avenue(2) | Office | New York, NY | 2090 / 2090 | Fixed with Inflation Adjustments | 12.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 135 West 50th Street | Office | New York, NY | 2123 / 2123 | Fixed with Inflation Adjustments | 10.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 195 Broadway | Office | New York, NY | 2118 / 2118 | Fixed with Inflation Adjustments | 9.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Park Hotels Portfolio(3) | Hotel | Various | 2025 / 2035 | % Rent | 7.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alohilani | Hotel | Honolulu, HI | 2118 / 2118 | Fixed with Inflation Adjustments | 7.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 685 Third Avenue | Office | New York, NY | 2123 / 2123 | Fixed with Inflation Adjustments | 6.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1111 Pennsylvania Avenue | Office | Washington, DC | 2117 / 2117 | Fixed with Inflation Adjustments | 5.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Domain Tower | Office | Austin, TX | 2118 / 2118 | Fixed with Inflation Adjustments | 2.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hollywood Blvd - South | Multi-family | Los Angeles, CA | 2104 / 2104 | Inflation-Linked | 2.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| One Ally Center | Office | Detroit, MI | 2114 / 2174 | Fixed with Inflation Adjustments | 2.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)Gross book value represents the historical purchase price plus accrued interest on sales-type leases.
(2)Gross book value for this property represents our pro rata share of the gross book value of our unconsolidated venture (refer to Note 6).
(3)The Park Hotels Portfolio consists of five properties and is subject to a single master lease. A majority of the land underlying one of these properties is owned by a third party and is ground leased to us through 2044 subject to changes in the CPI; however, our tenant at the property pays this cost directly to the third party.
The following tables show our portfolio by region and property type as of September 30, 2020, excluding unfunded commitments:
| Region | % of Gross Book Value | |||||||
| Northeast | 45 | % | ||||||
| West | 23 | |||||||
| Mid Atlantic | 13 | |||||||
| Southwest | 8 | |||||||
| Southeast | 8 | |||||||
| Central | 3 | |||||||
| Property Type | % of Gross Book Value | |||||||
| Office | 61 | % | ||||||
| Hotel | 19 | |||||||
| Multifamily | 19 | |||||||
| Other | 1 | |||||||
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Unfunded Commitments
In January 2019, we acquired land for $13.0 million and simultaneously structured and entered into a Ground Lease as part of the Ground Lease tenant's acquisition of an existing office building located in Washington, DC that is to be converted into a multi-family building. We also committed to provide the Ground Lease tenant a $10.5 million leasehold improvement allowance. As of September 30, 2020, $4.0 million of this commitment had been funded and we expect to fund the remaining commitment upon the completion of certain conditions.
In February 2020, we entered into an aggregate $37.0 million commitment to acquire land for $10.0 million and provide a $27.0 million leasehold improvement allowance for the Ground Lease tenant's construction of a multi-family property in New Haven, Connecticut. As of September 30, 2020, $10.0 million of this commitment was funded and we expect to fund the remaining commitment upon the completion of certain conditions.
Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | $ Change | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease income | $ | 17,195 | $ | 17,132 | $ | 63 | |||||||||||
| Interest income from sales-type leases | 20,583 | 4,032 | 16,551 | ||||||||||||||
| Other income | 222 | 1,146 | (924) | ||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | 38,000 | 22,310 | 15,690 | ||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 16,430 | 7,708 | 8,722 | ||||||||||||||
| Real estate expense | 493 | 625 | (132) | ||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 2,361 | 2,345 | 16 | ||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | 5,302 | 3,096 | 2,206 | ||||||||||||||
| Other expense | 34 | 285 | (251) | ||||||||||||||
| Total costs and expenses | 24,620 | 14,059 | 10,561 | ||||||||||||||
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | — | (2,011) | 2,011 | ||||||||||||||
| Earnings (losses) from equity method investments | 832 | (759) | 1,591 | ||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 14,212 | $ | 5,481 | $ | 8,731 | |||||||||||
Operating lease income increased slightly to $17.2 million during the three months ended September 30, 2020 from $17.1 million for the same period in 2019. The increase was primarily due to a full period of income for the three months ended September 30, 2020 for Ground Leases acquired and classified as operating leases during 2019 and 2020, partially offset by a decrease in percentage rent for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019.
Interest income from sales-type leases increased to $20.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 from $4.0 million for the same period in 2019. The increase was primarily due to the origination of Ground Leases classified as sales-type leases.
Other income for both the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 includes $0.1 million of other income relating to a Ground Lease in which we are the lessee but our tenant at the property pays this expense directly under the terms of a master lease. In addition, during the three months ended September 30, 2019, we recognized $1.0 million of interest income earned on our cash balances.
During the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, we incurred interest expense from our secured financings of $16.4 million and $7.7 million, respectively. The increase in 2020 was primarily the result of additional borrowings to fund our growing investment portfolio.
Real estate expense was $0.5 million and $0.6 million during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, which consisted primarily of the amortization of an operating lease right-of-use asset, property taxes and insurance expense. In addition, during both the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, we also recorded $0.1 million of real
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estate expense relating to a Ground Lease in which we are the lessee but our tenant at the property pays this expense directly under the terms of a master lease.
Depreciation and amortization was $2.4 million and $2.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and primarily relates to our ownership of the Park Hotels Portfolio and our ownership of the Buckler multi-family property. The increase in 2020 was due primarily to an increase in the amortization of in-place intangible assets resulting from new acquisitions with in-place intangible assets.
General and administrative expenses include management fees, stock-based compensation, costs of operating as a public company and an allocation of expenses to us from our Manager. The following table presents our general and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 ($ in thousands):
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||
Management fees(1) | $ | 3,234 | $ | 1,920 | ||||||||||
| Public company and other costs | 629 | 528 | ||||||||||||
| Expense reimbursements to the Manager | 1,250 | 515 | ||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | 189 | 133 | ||||||||||||
| Total general and administrative expenses | $ | 5,302 | $ | 3,096 | ||||||||||
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)Increase due to an increase in our equity.
During the three months ended September 30, 2020, other expense consists primarily of property appraisal fees, fees related to our derivative transactions and state taxes. During the three months ended September 30, 2019, other expense consists primarily of costs associated with new investments, fees related to our derivative transactions and state taxes.
During the three months ended September 30, 2019, loss on early extinguishment of debt resulted from the refinancing of two mortgages on existing Ground Leases.
During the three months ended September 30, 2020, earnings from equity method investments resulted from our pro rata share of income from a venture that we entered into with an existing shareholder that acquired the existing Ground Lease at 425 Park Avenue in New York City in November 2019 (refer to Note 6). During the three months ended September 30, 2019, losses from equity method investments resulted from costs attributable to transaction structuring activities for the venture.
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Results of Operations for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | $ Change | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease income | $ | 55,088 | $ | 54,844 | $ | 244 | |||||||||||
| Interest income from sales-type leases | 59,315 | 6,834 | 52,481 | ||||||||||||||
| Other income | 1,115 | 2,132 | (1,017) | ||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | 115,518 | 63,810 | 51,708 | ||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 47,811 | 18,215 | 29,596 | ||||||||||||||
| Real estate expense | 1,828 | 2,082 | (254) | ||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 7,064 | 7,031 | 33 | ||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | 16,924 | 10,552 | 6,372 | ||||||||||||||
| Other expense | 194 | 600 | (406) | ||||||||||||||
| Total costs and expenses | 73,821 | 38,480 | 35,341 | ||||||||||||||
| Loss on early extinguishment of debt | — | (2,011) | 2,011 | ||||||||||||||
| Earnings (losses) from equity method investments | 2,472 | (759) | 3,231 | ||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 44,169 | $ | 22,560 | $ | 21,609 | |||||||||||
Operating lease income increased slightly to $55.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 from $54.8 million for the same period in 2019. The increase was primarily due to a full period of income for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 for Ground Leases acquired and classified as operating leases during 2019 and new Ground Leases acquired during 2020, partially offset by a decrease in percentage rent for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
Interest income from sales-type leases increased to $59.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 from $6.8 million for the same period in 2019. The increase was primarily due to the origination of Ground Leases classified as sales-type leases.
Other income for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 includes $0.2 million and $1.8 million, respectively, of interest income earned on our cash balances. In addition, during both the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, we also recorded $0.3 million of other income relating to a Ground Lease in which we are the lessee but our tenant at the property pays this expense directly under the terms of a master lease.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, we incurred interest expense from our secured financings of $47.8 million and $18.2 million, respectively. The increase in 2020 was primarily the result of additional borrowings to fund our growing investment portfolio.
Real estate expense was $1.8 million and $2.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, which consisted primarily of the amortization of an operating lease right-of-use asset, property appraisal fees and insurance expense. In addition, during both the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, we also recorded $0.3 million of real estate expense relating to a Ground Lease in which we are the lessee but our tenant at the property pays this expense directly under the terms of a master lease.
Depreciation and amortization was $7.1 million and $7.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and primarily relates to our ownership of the Park Hotels Portfolio and our ownership of the Buckler multi-family property. The increase in 2020 was due primarily to an increase in the amortization of in-place intangible assets resulting from new acquisitions with in-place intangible assets.
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General and administrative expenses include management fees, stock-based compensation, costs of operating as a public company and an allocation of expenses to us from our Manager. The following table presents our general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 ($ in thousands):
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||
Management fees(1) | $ | 9,283 | $ | 4,971 | ||||||||||
| Public company and other costs | 2,336 | 2,544 | ||||||||||||
| Expense reimbursements to the Manager | 3,750 | 1,587 | ||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | 1,555 | 1,450 | ||||||||||||
| Total general and administrative expenses | $ | 16,924 | $ | 10,552 | ||||||||||
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)Increase due to an increase in our equity.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, other expense consists primarily of property appraisal fees, fees related to our derivative transactions and state taxes. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, other expense consists primarily of costs associated with new investments, fees related to our derivative transactions and state taxes.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, loss on early extinguishment of debt resulted from the refinancing of two mortgages on existing Ground Leases.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, earnings from equity method investments resulted from our pro rata share of income from a venture that we entered into with an existing shareholder that acquired the existing ground lease at 425 Park Avenue in New York City in November 2019 (refer to Note 6). During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, losses from equity method investments resulted from costs attributable to transaction structuring activities for the venture.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity is a measure of our ability to meet potential cash requirements, including to pay interest and repay borrowings, fund and maintain our assets and operations, complete acquisitions and originations of investments, make distributions to our shareholders and meet other general business needs. In order to qualify as a REIT, we are required under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to distribute to our shareholders, on an annual basis, at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains. We expect to make quarterly cash distributions to our shareholders sufficient to meet REIT qualification requirements.
In October 2020, we added a lender to our Revolver bringing total capacity to $557.5 million. As of the date of this report, we had approximately $24 million of unrestricted cash, $518 million of undrawn capacity and the ability to borrow an additional $215 million on our Revolver, subject to the conditions set forth in the applicable loan agreement (refer to Note 8 for more information on our Revolver), without pledging any additional assets to the facility. We refer to this $239 million of unrestricted cash and additional borrowing capacity as our "equity" liquidity which can be used for general corporate purposes or leveraged (a maximum of 2:1 in the case of our Revolver) to acquire new Ground Lease assets. Our primary sources of cash to date have been proceeds from equity offerings and private placements (refer to Note 11), proceeds from our initial capitalization by iStar and two institutional investors (refer to Note 11) and borrowings from our debt facilities. Our primary uses of cash to date have been the acquisition/origination of Ground Leases, repayments on our debt facilities and distributions to our shareholders.
We expect our future liquidity requirements to include debt service, distributions to our shareholders, working capital, acquisitions and originations of Ground Lease investments, including in respect of the unfunded commitments described above, debt maturities and payments of fees under our management agreement to the extent we do not elect to pay the fees in common stock. Our primary sources of liquidity going forward will generally consist of cash on hand and cash flows from operations, new financings, unused borrowing capacity under our Revolver (subject to the conditions set forth in the applicable loan agreement) and common and/or preferred equity issuances.
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Contractual Obligations—The following table outlines the contractual obligations related to our long-term debt obligations and certain other commitments as of September 30, 2020 (refer to Note 8 and Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements).
| Amounts Due By Period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | Less Than 1 Year | 1 - 3 Years | 3 - 5 Years | 5 - 10 Years | After 10 Years | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-Term Debt Obligations:(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgages | $ | 1,498,113 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 316,193 | $ | 1,181,920 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total principal maturities | 1,498,113 | — | — | — | 316,193 | 1,181,920 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Payable | 2,047,943 | 48,599 | 98,907 | 102,283 | 228,404 | 1,569,750 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase Commitments(2) | 33,483 | 27,000 | 6,483 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total(3) | $ | 3,579,539 | $ | 75,599 | $ | 105,390 | $ | 102,283 | $ | 544,597 | $ | 2,751,670 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
_______________________________________________________________________________
(1)Assumes the extended final maturity date for all debt obligations.
(2)Refer to Note 9 of the consolidated financial statements.
(3)We are also obligated to pay the third-party owner of a property that is ground leased to us $0.4 million, subject to adjustment for changes in the CPI, per year through 2044; however, our tenant pays this expense directly under the terms of a master lease through 2035.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements—We are not dependent on the use of any off-balance sheet financing arrangements for liquidity.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments in certain circumstances that affect amounts reported as assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. We have established detailed policies and control procedures intended to ensure that valuation methods, including any judgments made as part of such methods, are well controlled, reviewed and applied consistently from period to period. We base our estimates on historical corporate and industry experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be appropriate under the circumstances. For all of these estimates, we caution that future events rarely develop exactly as forecasted, and, therefore, routinely require adjustment.
For a discussion of our critical accounting policies, refer to Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements and our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
New Accounting Pronouncements—For a discussion of the impact of new accounting pronouncements on our financial condition or results of operations, refer to Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Market Risks
Our future income, cash flows and fair values relevant to financial instruments are dependent upon prevalent market prices and interest rates. Market risk refers to the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and interest rates. One of the principal market risks facing us is interest rate risk on our floating rate indebtedness.
Subject to qualifying and maintaining our qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we may mitigate the risk of interest rate volatility through the use of hedging instruments, such as interest rate swap agreements and interest rate cap agreements. Our primary objectives when undertaking hedging transactions will be to reduce our floating rate exposure and to fix a portion of the interest rate for anticipated financing and refinancing transactions. However, we can provide no assurances that our efforts to manage interest rate volatility will successfully mitigate the risks of such volatility on our portfolio. Our current portfolio is not subject to foreign currency risk.
Our objectives with respect to interest rate risk are to limit the impact of interest rate changes on operations and cash flows, and to lower our overall borrowing costs. To achieve these objectives, we may borrow at fixed rates and may enter into hedging instruments such as interest rate swap agreements and interest rate cap agreements in order to mitigate our interest rate risk on a related floating rate financial instrument. We do not enter into derivative or interest rate transactions for speculative purposes.
As of September 30, 2020, we had $1.5 billion principal amount of fixed-rate debt outstanding and we did not have any floating-rate debt outstanding. In addition, as of September 30, 2020 we were party to derivative contracts to manage our interest rate risk that matured on October 1, 2020. As of September 30, 2020, assuming no change in our assets or liabilities, we expect no change in annual net income should interest rates increase or decrease.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company's Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. The Company has formed a disclosure committee that is responsible for considering the materiality of information and determining the disclosure obligations of the Company on a timely basis. The disclosure committee reports directly to the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer.
As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the disclosure committee and other members of management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b) or Rule 15d-15. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is: (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms; and (ii) accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure.
There have been no changes during the last fiscal quarter in the Company's internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that it will detect or uncover failures within the Company to disclose material information otherwise required to be set forth in the Company's periodic reports.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we may be party, or our properties may be subject to, various claims, lawsuits or other legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business. We are not currently a party, as plaintiff or defendant, to any legal proceedings which, individually or in the aggregate, would be expected to have a material effect on our business, financial position, liquidity or results of operations if determined adversely to us.
Item 1a. Risk Factors
The current novel coronavirus, or COVID-19, pandemic or the future outbreak of any other highly infectious or contagious diseases, could materially and adversely impact or cause disruption to our performance, financial condition, results of operations, stock price, cash flows and ability to pay distributions. Further, the pandemic has caused disruptions in the U.S. and global economies and financial markets and created widespread business continuity issues of an as yet unknown magnitude and duration.
The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak continues to impact the US and global economies. Many countries, including the United States, have instituted quarantines, mandated business and school closures and restricted travel. The US financial markets have experienced disruption, with heightened stock market volatility and constrained credit conditions within certain sectors, including real estate. The outbreak has triggered a period of economic slowdown and experts are uncertain as to how long these conditions may last. At this time, we cannot predict the extent of the impacts of the COVID-19 crisis on our business. We will continue to monitor its effects on a daily basis and will adjust our operations as necessary.
COVID-19 or another pandemic could have material and adverse effects on our ability to successfully operate due to, among other factors:
•a complete or partial closure of, or other operational issues at, one or more of our properties resulting from government or tenant action;
•the impact of reduced economic activity on our tenants' businesses, financial condition and liquidity, which may cause one or more of our tenants to be unable to meet their Ground Lease obligations to us in full, or at all;
•the hotel sector has been hit particularly hard by the pandemic. Excluding percentage rent, for both the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019, approximately 15.0% of our total revenues came from our hotel leases. Operations at all of the hotel properties in our portfolio have been substantially reduced for the time being.
•in addition to base rent, we are entitled to receive percentage rents under certain of our hotel Ground Leases, based on hotel revenues. For the year ended 2019, percentage rents constituted approximately 4.6% of our total revenues. In 2021, we expect to experience a material decline in percentage rent revenues in respect of 2020 hotel operating performance;
•deteriorations in our financial results and cash flows may cause us to be unable to satisfy financial covenants in our debt instruments, including our revolving credit facility, which contains financial covenants based on cash flow coverage. If we are unable to meet our covenants, our lenders may declare us to be in default and require us to repay outstanding borrowings;
•potential negative impact on the health of our Manager's personnel, particularly if a significant number of them are impacted;
•difficulty accessing debt and equity capital on attractive terms, or at all, and a disruption and instability in the global financial markets or deteriorations in credit and financing conditions may affect our access to capital necessary to fund business operations or address maturing liabilities on a timely basis and our tenants' ability to meet their obligations to us under our Ground Leases;
•a deterioration in iStar's business performance and liquidity could adversely affect its ability to participate in future capital raising transactions that we may undertake;
•a deterioration in our and our tenants' ability to operate in affected areas or delays in the supply of products or services to us and our tenants from vendors that are needed for our and our tenants' efficient operations; and
•a deterioration in our Manager's ability to ensure business continuity during a disruption.
The rapid development and fluidity of this situation precludes any prediction as to the ultimate adverse impact of COVID-19. Nevertheless, COVID-19 presents material uncertainty and risk with respect to our performance, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a general decline in real estate transactions, which has adversely affected our growth prospects in the near term, and may do so for an extended period, depending upon the duration of the pandemic and its effects on the economy generally and the real estate market more particularly.
The COVID-19 crisis has adversely affected our new investment activity, primarily because equity and debt financing for real estate transactions, including leasehold loans, is constrained. In addition, the crisis has made it more difficult to execute transactions as people work from home and are reluctant to visit properties, local governmental offices have reduced operations and third parties such as survey, insurance, environmental and similar services have more limited capacities. These conditions will adversely affect our growth prospects while they persist.
Our estimated UCA as of September 30, 2020 is based on current appraisals of only a portion of our assets and does not reflect the full potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Combined Property Value of our portfolio. The unknown duration of the pandemic combined with very limited transaction activity makes current real estate valuations uncertain and our estimated UCA could decline in future periods, and any such decline could be material.
We track the estimated value of the UCA in our owned residual portfolio as an indicator of the quality of our cash flow and safety of our position in a tenant's capital structure and to enable us to monitor changes in the value of the owned residual portfolio over time. In accordance with our policies, during the third quarter 2020 we obtained third party appraisals of the Combined Property Portfolio for properties that represented approximately 17.6% of the gross book value of our portfolio as of September 30, 2020. The majority of the rest of our portfolio was last appraised in the fourth quarter 2019 through the second quarter 2020. Hence, the estimated UCA as of September 30, 2020 does not reflect the full potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Combined Property Value of our portfolio. The unknown duration of the pandemic combined with very limited transaction activity makes current real estate valuations uncertain and our estimated UCA could decline in future periods, and any such decline could be material.
Our actual gross book value as a percentage of Combined Property Value as of September 30, 2020, which we use to assess risk and our seniority level in real estate capital structures, may be higher than our estimates.
As described in the immediately preceding risk factor, the Combined Property Value as of September 30, 2020 reflects current appraisals of only a portion of our portfolio; therefore, the actual Combined Property Value of our overall portfolio may be lower than our estimate at September 30, 2020. This in turn means that the gross book value as a percentage of Combined Property Value of our portfolio, which is a metric we use to assess risk and our seniority level in real estate capital structures, may be higher (i.e., indicate greater risk) than our estimates.
Our estimated Ground Rent Coverage as of September 30, 2020 does not reflect the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the estimated net operating income, or "NOI," of properties in transition or under development, and for other properties, may not reflect the full magnitude of the effects of the pandemic on property NOI. Given the uncertainty surrounding the duration of the pandemic and its effects, it is possible that the actual Ground Rent Coverage of our portfolio may be lower than our estimates, now or in the future.
Our estimated Ground Rent Coverage represents the ratio of the property NOI of the commercial properties being operated on our land to the Ground Lease payment due to us, as of the date presented. With respect to properties under development or in transition or for which financial statements are not available, we use our internal underwritten estimates of Ground Rent Coverage at stabilization and third party valuations where available, none of which has been adjusted to take into account any effects of the pandemic. With respect to other properties, the property NOI available to us at September 30, 2020 may not be indicative of future periods that will reflect the full magnitude of the effects of the pandemic for the entire period. Given the uncertainty surrounding the duration of the pandemic and its effects, it is possible that the actual Ground Rent Coverage may be lower than our estimate, now or in the future.
Our master lease relating to the Park Hotels Portfolio, and our Ground Leases relating to the Lock Up Self Storage Facility and Honolulu, HI property, provide the tenants with certain rights to purchase our hotel properties or land, as the case may be, in certain circumstances.
Our master lease gives the tenant the right to purchase one or more of the hotels at fair market value if the hotel suffers a major casualty or condemnation event, as defined under the master lease. The Lock Up Self Storage Facility lease gives the tenant the right to purchase our interest in the underlying land at fair market value as of the expiration of the lease in 2037. Our tenant under our Honolulu, HI Ground Lease has the right to purchase our land at lease expiration, although we have the right to terminate the tenant's purchase option for a fee if the tenant sells the leasehold interest prior to lease expiration. Additionally, we may enter into leases in the future that provide the tenants with purchase options. If a tenant exercises a purchase option, we
37
would lose the right to future lease payments from the property. Furthermore, the purchase price we are entitled to receive may be less than the price we paid for the related property and we may not be able to reinvest the purchase price we receive in comparable investments that produce similar or better returns.
There were no other material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
We did not purchase any shares of our common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2020.
In July 2020, we issued 60,372 shares of our common stock to our Manager as payment for the management fee for the three months ended June 30, 2020. These shares were not registered under the Securities Act.
The following table sets forth information with respect to purchases of our common stock made by iStar during the three months ended September 30, 2020. The purchases were made in open market transactions on an opportunistic basis and not as part of a publicly announced plan. The amounts do not reflect shares of our common stock issued to iStar, in its capacity as our Manager, in lieu of cash management fees.
| Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of a Publicly Announced Plan | Maximum Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans(1) | |||||||||||
| July 1 to July 31 | — | $ | — | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| August 1 to August 31 | 80,514 | $ | 52.80 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| September 1 to September 30 | 72,381 | $ | 56.50 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
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Item 6. Exhibits
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
| Exhibit Number | Document Description | ||||
| 31.0 | |||||
| 32.0 | |||||
| 101* | The following financial information from the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2020 is formatted in iXBRL ("eXtensible Business Reporting Language"): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2020 (unaudited) and December 31, 2019; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019; (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019; (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019; and (vi) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited). | ||||
_______________________________________________________________________________
* In accordance with Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the XBRL related information in Exhibit 101 is deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, is deemed not filed for purposes of section 18 of the Exchange Act of 1934 and otherwise is not subject to liability under these sections.
39
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Safehold Inc. Registrant | ||||||||
| Date: | October 22, 2020 | /s/ JAY SUGARMAN | ||||||
Jay Sugarman Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) | ||||||||
Safehold Inc. Registrant | ||||||||
| Date: | October 22, 2020 | /s/ JEREMY FOX-GEEN | ||||||
Jeremy Fox-Geen Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) | ||||||||
Safehold Inc. Registrant | ||||||||
| Date: | October 22, 2020 | /s/ GARETT ROSENBLUM | ||||||
Garett Rosenblum Chief Accounting Officer (principal accounting officer) | ||||||||
40
Exhibit 31.0
CERTIFICATION
I, Jay Sugarman, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Safehold Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
| Date: | October 22, 2020 | By: | /s/ JAY SUGARMAN | |||||||||||||||||
| Name: | Jay Sugarman | |||||||||||||||||||
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |||||||||||||||||||
CERTIFICATION
I, Jeremy Fox-Geen, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Safehold Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
| Date: | October 22, 2020 | By: | /s/ JEREMY FOX-GEEN | |||||||||||||||||
| Name: | Jeremy Fox-Geen | |||||||||||||||||||
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) | |||||||||||||||||||
Exhibit 32.0
Certification of Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
The undersigned, the Chief Executive Officer of Safehold Inc. (the "Company"), hereby certifies on the date hereof, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2020 (the "Form 10-Q"), filed concurrently herewith by the Company, fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and that the information contained in the Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
| Date: | October 22, 2020 | By: | /s/ JAY SUGARMAN | |||||||||||||||||
| Name: | Jay Sugarman | |||||||||||||||||||
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |||||||||||||||||||
Certification of Chief Financial Officer
Pursuant to Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
The undersigned, the Chief Financial Officer of Safehold Inc. (the "Company"), hereby certifies on the date hereof, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2020 (the "Form 10-Q"), filed concurrently herewith by the Company, fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and that the information contained in the Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
| Date: | October 22, 2020 | By: | /s/ JEREMY FOX-GEEN | |||||||||||||||||
| Name: | Jeremy Fox-Geen | |||||||||||||||||||
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) | |||||||||||||||||||